ubuntu 14.04下docker实践
纠错   19 Jan 2016

1. docker简介

docker小白, 此处不废话, 更多信息参考如下链接.

什么是 Docker

2. docker安装

2.1 默认安装过程(64bit)

通过Docker源安装最新版本

要安装最新的 Docker 版本，首先需要安装 apt-transport-https 支持，之后通过添加源来安装。

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$ sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https
$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 36A1D7869245C8950F966E92D8576A8BA88D21E9
$ sudo bash -c "echo deb https://get.docker.io/ubuntu docker main > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list"
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install lxc-docker

注：有个简单脚本可以用于这个过程

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$ curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ubuntu/ | sudo sh

验证所有的工作都如预期完成了

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$ sudo docker run -i -t ubuntu /bin/bash

2.2 ubuntu 14.04 i386 32bit安装

无奈本人机器装的是32bit ubuntu系统, 上述2.1安装失败.

32bit ubuntu安装Docker

Run build-image.sh to build the docker image 32bit/ubuntu:14.04, or build-image.sh precise to build the docker image 32bit/ubuntu:precise.

Build a docker image for ubuntu i386

See also: http://mwhiteley.com/linux-containers/2013/08/31/docker-on-i386.html

32bit ubuntu安装Docker OK后

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$ docker
Usage: docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND [arg...]

A self-sufficient runtime for linux containers.

Options:
  --api-cors-header=                   Set CORS headers in the remote API
  -b, --bridge=                        Attach containers to a network bridge
  --bip=                               Specify network bridge IP
  -D, --debug=false                    Enable debug mode
  -d, --daemon=false                   Enable daemon mode
  --default-ulimit=[]                  Set default ulimits for containers
  --dns=[]                             DNS server to use
  --dns-search=[]                      DNS search domains to use
  -e, --exec-driver=native             Exec driver to use
  --fixed-cidr=                        IPv4 subnet for fixed IPs
  --fixed-cidr-v6=                     IPv6 subnet for fixed IPs
  -G, --group=docker                   Group for the unix socket
  -g, --graph=/var/lib/docker          Root of the Docker runtime
  -H, --host=[]                        Daemon socket(s) to connect to
  -h, --help=false                     Print usage
  --icc=true                           Enable inter-container communication
  --insecure-registry=[]               Enable insecure registry communication
  --ip=0.0.0.0                         Default IP when binding container ports
  --ip-forward=true                    Enable net.ipv4.ip_forward
  --ip-masq=true                       Enable IP masquerading
  --iptables=true                      Enable addition of iptables rules
  --ipv6=false                         Enable IPv6 networking
  -l, --log-level=info                 Set the logging level
  --label=[]                           Set key=value labels to the daemon
  --log-driver=json-file               Containers logging driver
  --mtu=0                              Set the containers network MTU
  -p, --pidfile=/var/run/docker.pid    Path to use for daemon PID file
  --registry-mirror=[]                 Preferred Docker registry mirror
  -s, --storage-driver=                Storage driver to use
  --selinux-enabled=false              Enable selinux support
  --storage-opt=[]                     Set storage driver options
  --tls=false                          Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
  --tlscacert=~/.docker/ca.pem         Trust certs signed only by this CA
  --tlscert=~/.docker/cert.pem         Path to TLS certificate file
  --tlskey=~/.docker/key.pem           Path to TLS key file
  --tlsverify=false                    Use TLS and verify the remote
  -v, --version=false                  Print version information and quit

Commands:
    attach    Attach to a running container
    build     Build an image from a Dockerfile
    commit    Create a new image from a container's changes
    cp        Copy files/folders from a container's filesystem to the host path
    create    Create a new container
    diff      Inspect changes on a container's filesystem
    events    Get real time events from the server
    exec      Run a command in a running container
    export    Stream the contents of a container as a tar archive
    history   Show the history of an image
    images    List images
    import    Create a new filesystem image from the contents of a tarball
    info      Display system-wide information
    inspect   Return low-level information on a container or image
    kill      Kill a running container
    load      Load an image from a tar archive
    login     Register or log in to a Docker registry server
    logout    Log out from a Docker registry server
    logs      Fetch the logs of a container
    port      Lookup the public-facing port that is NAT-ed to PRIVATE_PORT
    pause     Pause all processes within a container
    ps        List containers
    pull      Pull an image or a repository from a Docker registry server
    push      Push an image or a repository to a Docker registry server
    rename    Rename an existing container
    restart   Restart a running container
    rm        Remove one or more containers
    rmi       Remove one or more images
    run       Run a command in a new container
    save      Save an image to a tar archive
    search    Search for an image on the Docker Hub
    start     Start a stopped container
    stats     Display a stream of a containers' resource usage statistics
    stop      Stop a running container
    tag       Tag an image into a repository
    top       Lookup the running processes of a container
    unpause   Unpause a paused container
    version   Show the Docker version information
    wait      Block until a container stops, then print its exit code

Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.
$ cat /etc/os-release 
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="14.04, Trusty Tahr"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian###
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 14.04 LTS"
VERSION_ID="14.04"
HOME_URL="http://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="http://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="http://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"

3. Docker OpenWRT 15.05 Image

导入OpenWRT 15.05 Image:

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#docker import http://downloads.openwrt.org/chaos_calmer/15.05/x86/generic/openwrt-15.05-x86-generic-Generic-rootfs.tar.gz  openwrt-x86-generic-rootfs
Downloading from http://downloads.openwrt.org/chaos_calmer/15.05/x86/generic/openwrt-15.05-x86-generic-Generic-rootfs.tar.gz
Importing 2.272 MB/2.272 MB
ee4136038b675906eab4f21d672bd71d9261b10509d3c5e42558d3a73468d2aa
# docker images
REPOSITORY                         TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE
openwrt-x86-generic-rootfs         latest              ee4136038b67        27 seconds ago      5.2 MB

运行一个简单cat命令:

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# docker run -i openwrt-x86-generic-rootfs cat /etc/banner
  _______                     ________        __
 |       |.-----.-----.-----.|  |  |  |.----.|  |_
 |   -   ||  _  |  -__|     ||  |  |  ||   _||   _|
 |_______||   __|_____|__|__||________||__|  |____|
          |__| W I R E L E S S   F R E E D O M
 -----------------------------------------------------
 CHAOS CALMER (15.05, r46767)
 -----------------------------------------------------
  * 1 1/2 oz Gin            Shake with a glassful
  * 1/4 oz Triple Sec       of broken ice and pour
  * 3/4 oz Lime Juice       unstrained into a goblet.
  * 1 1/2 oz Orange Juice
  * 1 tsp. Grenadine Syrup
 -----------------------------------------------------
#

运行一个基础命令ifconfig:

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# docker run -i openwrt-x86-generic-rootfs ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 02:42:AC:11:00:02  
      inet addr:172.17.0.2  Bcast:0.0.0.0  Mask:255.255.0.0
      inet6 addr: fe80::42:acff:fe11:2/64 Scope:Link
      UP BROADCAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
      RX packets:1 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
      TX packets:1 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
      collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
      RX bytes:90 (90.0 B)  TX bytes:90 (90.0 B)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
      inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
      inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
      UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
      RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
      TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
      collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
      RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

运行在交互shell中:

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# docker run -i -t openwrt-x86-generic-rootfs /bin/ash


BusyBox v1.23.2 (2015-07-25 07:32:21 CEST) built-in shell (ash)

/ # ps
  PID USER       VSZ STAT COMMAND
    1 root      1068 S    /bin/ash
    8 root      1068 R    ps
    / # ifconfig 
    eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 02:42:AC:11:00:04  
          inet addr:172.17.0.4  Bcast:0.0.0.0  Mask:255.255.0.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::42:acff:fe11:4/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:6 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:6 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:508 (508.0 B)  TX bytes:508 (508.0 B)

    lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

    / #

参考


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